Ukususela ekufikeni kweelori zomlilo ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlulileyo, emva kophuhliso oluqhubekayo kunye nokuphucula, baye bakhawuleza baba ngamandla amakhulu omsebenzi wokukhusela umlilo, kwaye batshintshe ngokupheleleyo ubuso babantu abalwa nomlilo.
Kwakukho iilori ezitsalwa ngamahashe kwiminyaka engama-500 eyadlulayo
Ngowe-1666, kwaqhambuka umlilo eLondon, eNgilani.Umlilo utshise iintsuku ze-4 kwaye utshabalalise izindlu ze-1,300 kuquka neCawa yaseSt.Abantu baqala ukunikela ingqalelo kumsebenzi wokukhusela umlilo wesixeko.Kungekudala, iBritane yavelisa iloli yokuqala yomlilo yempompo yamanzi esetyenziswa ngesandla emhlabeni, kwaye yasebenzisa ithumbu ukucima umlilo.
Kwi-revolution yezoshishino, iimpompo ze-steam zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela umlilo
Ngexesha leNguqulelo yoShishino yaseBritani, iWatt yayiphucula i-injini yomphunga.Kungekudala, kwasetyenziswa neenjini zomphunga xa kucinywa umlilo.Injini yomlilo esebenza ngamandla enjini yomphunga yavela eLondon ngowe-1829. Olu hlobo lwemoto lusarhuqwa ngamahashe.Ngasemva kukho umatshini wokulwa nomlilo owenziwe ngamalahle osetyenziswa yi-10-horsepower twin-cylinder steam injini ene-hose ethambileyo.impompo yamanzi.
Ngo-1835, iNew York yaseka ibutho lokuqala lehlabathi labacimi-mlilo, elathi kamva labizwa ngokuba “ngamaPolisa oMlilo” laza labandakanywa kulandelelwano lwamapolisa esixeko.Ilori yokuqala yokucima umlilo esebenza ngomphunga eUnited States yakhiwa ngowe-1841 liNgesi uPol R. Hogu, owayehlala eNew York.Inokutshiza amanzi kuphahla lweHolo yeSixeko saseNew York.Ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, iinjini zokucima umlilo zazisele zixhaphakile eNtshona.
Ezona zixhobo zomlilo zakuqala zazingekho kakuhle njengeenqwelwana ezitsalwa ngamahashe
Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, ngokufika kweemoto zale mihla, iinjini zomlilo zakhawuleza zamkela iinjini zokutsha zangaphakathi njengamandla okutsala, kodwa zisasebenzisa iimpompo zamanzi ezinomphunga njengeempompo zamanzi omlilo.
Kumboniso owawuseVersailles, eFransi, ngowe-1898, inkampani yakwaGambier eLille, eFransi, yabonisa inqwelo-mafutha yokuqala yehlabathi yokulwa nomlilo, nangona yeyamandulo nengafezekanga.
Kwi-1901, iloli lomlilo eliveliswe yiRoyal Caledi Inkampani eLiverpool, eNgilani, yamkelwa yi-Liverpool City Fire Brigade.NgoAgasti waloo nyaka, ilori yabacimi-mlilo yathunyelwa okokuqala kuthumo.
Kwi-1930, abantu babiza iilori zomlilo "iilori zekhandlela".Ngelo xesha, "imoto yekhandlela yomlilo" yayingenayo itanki yamanzi, kuphela imibhobho yamanzi embalwa yokuphakama okuhlukeneyo kunye neleli.Okubangel’ umdla kukuba, abacimi-mlilo ngelo xesha babemi bonke emotweni belandelelana bebambe isiporo.
Ngeminyaka yee-1920, iilori zomlilo ezazibaleka ngokupheleleyo kwiinjini zokutsha zangaphakathi zaqala ukubonakala.Ngeli xesha, ukwakhiwa kweelori zomlilo kwakulula, kwaye uninzi lwazo lwahlaziywa kwi-chassis yelori ekhoyo.Impompo yamanzi kunye netanki yamanzi eyongezelelweyo yafakwa kwilori.Umphandle wesithuthi wawuxhonywe iileli zomlilo, amazembe omlilo, izibane ezingagqabhukiyo, kunye nemibhobho yomlilo.
Emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwe-100 yophuhliso, iilori zomlilo zanamhlanje ziye zaba "yintsapho enkulu" equka iindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye nenqanaba elimangalisayo lobugcisa.
Ilori yokucima umlilo kwitanki iseyeyona nqwelo isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiziko lokucima umlilo.Ukongeza kokuxhotyiswa ngeempompo zomlilo kunye nezixhobo, imoto ixhotyiswe ngamatanki okugcina amanzi amakhulu, izibhamu zamanzi, izibhamu zamanzi, njl., ezinokuthutha amanzi kunye nabacimi bomlilo kwindawo yokucima umlilo ngokuzimeleyo.Ilungele ukulwa imililo jikelele.
Ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali zokucima umlilo ukucima umlilo okhethekileyo endaweni yamanzi yinguqu kwiindlela zokucima umlilo kangangamawaka eminyaka.Ngo-1915, iNkampani yeSizwe yogwebu yase-United States yenza umgubo wokuqala wokucima umlilo we-powder ophindwe kabini wehlabathi owenziwe nge-aluminium sulfate kunye ne-sodium bicarbonate.Kungekudala, esi sixhobo sitsha sokucima umlilo sasetyenziswa nakwiilori zomlilo.
Inokukhawuleza ukutshiza inani elikhulu le-foam ephezulu yokwandisa i-foam ye-400-1000 amaxesha e-foam ukuze ihlukanise ubuso bento evuthayo emoyeni, ilungele ukulwa nemililo yeoli njengeoli kunye nemveliso yayo.
Inokucima ulwelo olunokutsha nolunokutsha, imililo yerhasi enokutsha, imililo yezixhobo ephilayo, kunye nemililo yezinto eziqhelekileyo.Kwimililo yemibhobho emikhulu yeekhemikhali, isiphumo sokulwa nomlilo sibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye sisilori somlilo esimileyo samashishini epetrochemical.
Ngokuphucuka kwenqanaba lezakhiwo zanamhlanje, kukho izakhiwo eziphakamileyo eziphakamileyo kunye nangaphezulu nangaphezulu, kunye nelori yomlilo nayo itshintshile, kwaye i-ladder fire truck ivele.I-ladder ye-multi-level kwi-ladder firelori inokuthumela ngokuthe ngqo abacimi bomlilo kwindawo yomlilo kwisakhiwo esiphakamileyo sokunceda ngexesha leentlekele, kwaye inokuhlangula abantu ababandezelekileyo ababanjwe kwindawo yomlilo ngexesha, eliphucula kakhulu amandla ukulwa nomlilo kunye noncedo kwiintlekele.
Namhlanje, iilori zokucima umlilo ziye zaba ziingcali ngakumbi nangakumbi.Ngokomzekelo, iilori zomlilo ze-carbon dioxide zisetyenziselwa ukulwa nemililo efana nezixhobo ezixabisekileyo, izixhobo ezichanekileyo, izinto ezibalulekileyo zenkcubeko kunye neencwadi kunye noovimba;iilori zokuhlangula zesikhululo seenqwelomoya zinikezelwe ekuhlanguleni nasekuhlanguleni imililo yengozi yenqwelomoya.Abasebenzi abakwibhodi;iilori zomlilo ezilayitayo zibonelela ngokukhanyisa ukulwa nomlilo ebusuku kunye nomsebenzi wokuhlangula;iilori zomlilo ezikhupha umsi zifaneleke ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa ekulweni nomlilo kwizakhiwo ezingaphantsi komhlaba kunye neendawo zokugcina iimpahla, njl.
Iilori zomlilo zingowona mandla aphambili kwizixhobo zobugcisa bokucima umlilo, kwaye uphuhliso lwayo kunye nenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe ihambelana ngokusondeleyo nophuhliso lokwakhiwa koqoqosho lwesizwe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-24-2022