Ngoku kukho iilori zomlilo ezininzi kwiimarike, i-chassis yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yelori yomlilo, ngoko ke i-chassis efanelekileyo ibaluleke kakhulu.Xa ukhetha, sinokuthelekisa kwaye sihlalutye le miba ilandelayo ukukhetha i-chassis yeloli yomlilo efanelekileyo.
1. Iyunithi yamandla eChassis
1. Ukukhethwa kohlobo lweyunithi yamandla
Amandla emoto aquka i-injini ye-diesel, i-injini yepetroli, i-motor yombane (kubandakanywa namanye amandla amatsha) njalo njalo.Ngenxa yempembelelo yezinto ezinjengobomi bebhetri, iimoto zombane azizange zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiilori zomlilo (ingakumbi iilori zomlilo eziqhuba izixhobo zokulwa nomlilo), kodwa akuvunyelwanga ukuba ziya kuthandwa kwaye zisetyenziswe kwintsimi. yeenqwelo zomlilo ezinenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe kwixesha elizayo elingekude.
Kweli nqanaba, iplanti yamandla ye-chassis yelori yomlilo iseyinjini yepetroli kunye ne-injini yedizili.Kuhlala kukho ukungafani kwezimvo malunga nokuba ilori yomlilo kufuneka ikhethe injini yepetroli okanye injini yedizili.Ngokombono wam, kufuneka senze isigqibo esisekelwe kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kweenjini zepetroli kunye neenjini ze-diesel, ngokwenjongo, ukusetyenziswa, ukugcinwa kunye neemeko zokulawula iilori zomlilo ezahlukeneyo, kunye neenzuzo ezibanzi kunye nokungonakali.
Okokuqala, xa amandla apheleleyo afunwa yilori yomlilo ukuqhuba kunye nokuqhuba izixhobo zokulwa nomlilo zikhulu, akungabazeki ukuba kufuneka kukhethwe injini ye-diesel, njengelori yomlilo esebenzisa injini ye-chassis ukuqhuba i-medium kunye ne-injini yomlilo. iimpompo zomlilo ezinzima, iijenereyitha zamandla aphezulu, kunye neenkqubo ezinkulu zehydraulic.Okanye iilori zomlilo ezinobunzima obukhulu bubonke zisebenzisa iinjini zedizili, ezinjengeelori zomlilo ezinobunzima obungaphezulu kweetoni ezili-10.
Yaye iilori zokucima umlilo ezinobunzima obuncinane bubonke, njengezo zinobunzima bubonke obungaphantsi kweetoni ezi-5, zinokusebenzisa iinjini zepetroli.Ukongeza ekuqhubeni iilori zomlilo, i-injini ayinakukwazi ukuqhuba izixhobo zokucima umlilo, okanye xa uqhuba izixhobo zokulwa nomlilo ngamandla amancinci, iinjini zepetroli zinokusetyenziswa, njengokuhlola iilori zomlilo, iilori zomlilo, iilori zomlilo, kunye nomlilo wokukhanya koluntu. iilori.
Iinjini zedizili zineengenelo ezininzi: ukugqunywa kwamandla abanzi, itorque ephezulu, izixhobo zombane ezincinci (ezineziphene zombane ezimbalwa ezihambelanayo), kunye nokungabi naluvelwano kwi-wading.
Ngokuchasene noko, ii-injini zepetroli zihlala zinentsebenzo efanelekileyo yokukhawuleza, efanelekileyo kakhulu kwiilori zomlilo ezincinci kunye neziphakathi ezifuna ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza ukuthunyelwa kokuqala.Ukongeza, xa kuthelekiswa neenjini zedizili zokufuduswa okufanayo, amandla aphumayo ngekilowatt nganye alula kunobunzima, kodwa zininzi izixhobo zombane, ulondolozo oluntsonkothileyo, kwaye lunovelwano ngakumbi ekuqhubeni nge-wading.
Ke ngoko, ezi zimbini zineemfanelo zazo kwaye zinokukhethwa kuphela ngokweemfuno zangempela.
2. Ukukhethwa kwamandla enjini kunye nesantya esiphezulu
Njengenjini yomlilo, kufuneka kubekho umda ngokwesantya namandla.Ngokutsho kweminyaka yamava kwimveliso, ukuvavanya kunye nokusetyenziswa kweelori zomlilo, kunye neengcebiso zeklasikhi zangaphandle, kucetyiswa ukuba xa impompo yamanzi isebenza phantsi kweemeko zemveliso ezilinganisiweyo, amandla atsalwa yi-injini malunga ne-70% amandla aphezulu kwesi santya kwiimpawu zangaphandle ze-injini;Ngaphantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezilinganisiweyo, isantya senjini esetyenzisiweyo asiyi kudlula i-75-80% yesantya esilinganisiweyo se-injini.
Xa ukhetha amandla e-injini ye-chassis, amandla athile elori yomlilo kufuneka aqwalaselwe.
Amandla e-injini anxulumene nesantya esiphezulu kunye nexesha lokunyuka kwe-chassis, zonke ezibonelelwa ngababoneleli be-chassis.
Okwesibini, ukhetho lobunzima obupheleleyo be-chassis
Xa ukhetha ubunzima obupheleleyo be-chassis, ubukhulu becala busekelwe kubunzima bokulayisha ilori yomlilo.Kwisiseko sokuba i-chassis inzima kwaye ubunzima buyalingana, i-chassis enobunzima bomgwaqo okhanyayo inikwa kuqala.Ngokukodwa, iloli yomlilo wetanki inomthamo omkhulu wolwelo, kwaye ubunzima obupheleleyo besithuthi ngokusisiseko sisondele kubunzima obupheleleyo obuvunyelwe yi-chassis.Musa ukulibala ubunzima bezixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza xa ubala.
3. Ukukhethwa kwe-Chassis Wheelbase
1. I-wheelbase inxulumene nomthwalo we-asi
Kuyafuneka ukuba umthwalo we-asi welori yomlilo ungagqithi kumthwalo ophezulu we-axle ovunyelwe sisibhengezo sefektri ye-chassis, kwaye umlinganiselo wokuhanjiswa komthwalo we-axle welori yomlilo kufuneka uhambelane nomlinganiselo wokuhanjiswa komthwalo we-asi ochazwe yi-chassis. .
Kuyilo lokwenyani lwemveliso, ukongeza kuhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo lweendidi ezahlukeneyo zomzimba ophezulu ukufuna ukuhanjiswa okufanelekileyo komthwalo we-axle, ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwe-chassis wheelbase lubalulekile kwingqiqo yokuhanjiswa komthwalo we-axle.Xa ubunzima bubonke belori yomlilo kunye nendawo yeziko lobunzima buchongiwe, umthwalo we-asi we-asi nganye unokusasazwa kuphela ngokufanelekileyo yi-wheelbase.
2. I-wheelbase inxulumene nobungakanani benkcazo yesithuthi
Ukongeza ekuqinisekiseni izibonelelo ezifanelekileyo zomthwalo we-axle, ukukhethwa kwe-wheelbase kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukwakheka kwe-bodywork kunye nobukhulu benkcazo yelori yomlilo.Ubude besithuthi siphela bunxulumene ngokusondeleyo ne-wheelbase.Ubude besithuthi siphela buqulunqwe ngamalungu aliqela afana ne-suspension yangaphambili, i-wheelbase ephakathi kunye ne-suspension yangasemva.Ukunqunyanyiswa kwangaphambili kumiselwe ngokusisiseko yi-chassis (ngaphandle kompu wangaphambili, iwinch yokutsala, ifotsholo yokutyhala kunye nezinye izixhobo zesithuthi sokulayisha), eyona nto ide igqithise ngasemva akufanele idlule kwi-3500mm, kwaye kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi okanye ilingane ne-65% ye iwheelbase.
Okwesine, ukhetho lwe-chassis cab
Okwangoku, kukho abantu abali-9 kwiqela labacimi-mlilo kwilizwe lam, kuquka ijoni elinye, inkumanda nomqhubi omnye.Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, ilori yomlilo yokuqala ethunyelweyo kufuneka ibe negumbi labasebenzi.Xa i-cab yomqhubi kunye ne-crew's cab idityanisiwe ibe yinto enye, ibizwa ngokuba yi-"driver's cab", kwaye ezinye izithuthi zixhotyiswe ngeekhabhu zomqhubi ezihambelanayo ngokuxhomekeke kwinani langempela labaqhubi bezixhobo zokucima umlilo.
Iilori zomlilo zasekhaya zonke zilungisiwe kwi-chassis yelori.Iindidi kunye nolwakhiwo lwamacandelo abasebenzi luqikelelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. I-chassis iza ne-original ye-double-seat cab, engathatha abantu aba-6.
2. Lungisa ngokutsha ngokusikwa kunye nokwandisa ngasemva kumqolo omnye wokuqala okanye umqolo omnye wesemi-cab.Olu hlobo lwekhabhinethi yabasebenzi okwangoku lubalelwa kuninzi, kodwa umgangatho wokuguqulwa kunye nomgangatho wemveliso awulingani.Ukhuseleko nokuthembeka kufuneka kuphuculwe ngakumbi.
3. Yenza icandelo labasebenzi elahlukileyo ngaphambili kumsebenzi womzimba, okwaziwa ngokuba yindawo ezimeleyo yabasebenzi.
Ngeli nqanaba, akukho mveliso ezininzi zeekhabhi ezihlala kabini kwiilori, kwaye ukhetho alunamandla kakhulu.Umgangatho kunye nobugcisa bekhebhu ye-double-row ye-chassis evela kumazwe angaphandle iphezulu kakhulu, kwaye inqanaba lilonke le-double-row cab ye-chassis yasekhaya kufuneka iphuculwe ngakumbi.
Ngaphantsi kwesiseko sokungabikho kweemfuno ezizodwa, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe i-original double-row cab ye-chassis.
Xa ukhetha i-chassis, ikunokwenzeka yesithuthi kufuneka kwakhona kuthathelwe ingqalelo, ezifana nesangqa itshaneli yesithuthi, ixabiso ujingi isithuthi, i-angle yokusondela, i-engile yokudlula, iradiyasi yokujika ubuncinane, njalo njalo.Ngaphantsi kwesiseko sokuhlangana nemisebenzi efanayo, i-chassis ene-wheelbase emfutshane kufuneka ikhethwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuphumeza impendulo yomlilo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ihlangabezane nokulungelelanisa ukulwa noluntu lwasemaphandleni, izixeko zamandulo, iidolophana zasezidolophini kunye nezinye iindawo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-11-2022